SABBATH - IITB 10.11

 

Chapter 10.11

Sabbath

Saturday or Sunday - Origin – Purpose

Old Covenant – New Covenant - Seventh Day Adventist

The Fourth Commandment – Does the day affect your salvation?

 

 

First Word

     The discussion concerning the Sabbath arises not from our obedience to observe the Sabbath, but of “when” to observe it; some say Saturday and others say Sunday. I certainly enter into this discussion with BS, a Belief System that is “biased” being raised a Christian and not a Jew, but, what does the Word say?

 

Fourth Commandment

     From the Hebrew word Shabbat; to cease and desist; an abstention from work. The belief that Israel’s “Time” and “Land” ultimately belongs to God.[1]

     Webster: The Sabbath; The Seventh day of the week (Saturday), set aside by the fourth commandment for rest and worship and observed by Jews and some Christian sects,[2] with Sunday, the first day of the week as the usual Christian day of rest and worship.

     The Sabbath began at sunset on Friday evening and lasted till sunset on Saturday evening. God bound Israel to follow His law and no other;  The Law” demanded reverence, obedience and service; to record, study, remember and obey under penalty of being “STONED TO DEATH”.  With that said; you could say; they took the Sabbath very seriously.

     The Fourth Commandment:[3] The Sabbath is a Holy day on which man should rest from any normal work and cause no one else under his authority to work. [4]  We are commanded to work six days and rest on the seventh.  The Sabbath was made for man to enjoy a day of REST. [5]

DON’T BUY ANYTHING FROM ANYONE ON THE SABBATH CAUSING THEM TO WORK.[6]

The penalty was death.  

Sabbath Rest - for your crops

     Sabbath means rest even for your fields and crops.  Six years you should grow crops on your land and the seventh year, let it lay barren.  Let the land rest.

Leviticus 25:3-5 – Let the field lay barren in the seventh year

3 For six years sow your fields, and for six years prune your vineyards and gather their crops.

4 But in the seventh year the land is to have a Sabbath of rest, a Sabbath to the LORD. Do not sow your fields or prune your vineyards.

5 Do not reap what grows of itself or harvest the grapes of your untended vines. The land is to have a year of rest. NIV

Sabbath Rest for your finances

     There was a set time of seven Sabbaths of years.  Seven times Seven; forty nine years that land could be sold and men be made slaves.  Because of poverty, men would have to sell their land or even submit themselves as slaves just to live, but in the 50th year of Jubilee, the land must be returned, debts forgiven and slaves freed.  Obviously there were rules concerning this, which I won’t cover here.

     This was a Sabbath Year of no work in the fields’; you could eat from the fields, but not harvest it.

 

It was just a year of celebration and rest.

 

Leviticus 25:8-13 - Seven Times Seven Sabbaths – Year of Jubilee

8 "`Count off seven Sabbaths of years--seven times seven years-- the seven Sabbaths of years amount to a period of forty-nine years.

9 ...The tenth day of the seventh month; on the Day of Atonement sound the trumpet throughout your land.

10 Consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee for you; each one of you is to return to his family property and each to his own clan.

11 The fiftieth year shall be a jubilee for you; do not sow and do not reap what grows of itself or harvest the untended vines.

12 For it is a jubilee and is to be holy for you; eat only what is taken directly from the fields.

13 "`In this Year of Jubilee everyone is to return to his own property. NIV

 

Sabbath Observance – The reason why

     The Sabbath is a memorial to the completion of God’s creation in six day and resting on the seventh; not of weariness, but of reflection.[7]  By this action God ordained a pattern for living; this would be a shadow of the observance of the Sabbath some 2000 years later.   Israel was commanded to observe the Sabbath; to remember God bringing the Israelites out of the bondage of Egypt.[8] 

     There was a bunch of Sabbaths the Israelites observed as directed by God; the seventh day of the week; plus the first,[9] Tenth[10] and fifteenth[11] day of the seventh month; plus the first and eighth day of the celebration week.  The Sabbath is a sign, a memorial of an EVERLASTING COVENANT between God and Israel.[12]  The keeping of the Sabbath is the most sacred of observances;

the Sabbath was given to THE JEWS, NOT TO THE GENTILES; it belongs to Israel

 

Birth of the Christian Church

     The early Christian Church was known as “The Way”,[13] and the followers of Christ were called Christians.[14] The Jews considered the followers of The Way to be “a party within Judaism” and were allowed to worship side by side at the synagogue and temple on the Sabbath. The Pharisees and others added to the law with far more specifics than it was intended, causing THE LAW to become a BURDEN instead of a rest. 

     A CONFLICT arose over the nature of worship; i.e.; Salvation and Righteousness did not come from offerings and sacrifices, but by obeying God in Spirit and in Truth;[15] by doing the Word.  This forced them to worship separately.  Although the temple and synagogues were still considered sacred, we are given many examples that the believers gathered in the followers of THE WAY’S homes.[16]

     Paul pretty much told them that they did not have to observe both The Lord’s Day on Sunday,[17] and the Jew’s Sabbath on Saturday; but many did, clinging to “Tradition”.

 

Colossians 2:16 – Observance of the Jew’s Sabbath not required.

16 Therefore DO NOT LET ANYONE JUDGE YOU by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a religious festival, a New Moon celebration or a SABBATH DAY.NIV

 

Sabbath Worship

     Each Sabbath the Rabbi read Scriptures from the Book of the Law; and explained the Law;[18] the Synagogue was known as “The House of the Book”.  The Muslims referred to Jews as “The people of the Book”; Christians should be known for that same reason;

     During the week they would have “TORAH SCHOOL” for the young boys to learn scripture, etiquette, music, practical knowledge and warfare to supplement their “Home Schooling”.[19]  There were no books; they had to memorize scripture.

They believed if a verse was not spoken OUT LOUD, it would soon be forgotten.

     On the “The Lord’s Day” we should imitate the early church as they gathered to hear the word of God and worship; and have “Sunday School” to teach our children.

 

Far Out Stuff

     All male Jews were expected (by tradition) to wear two phylacteries at morning prayers; one on their forehead and one on their left arm.   These were small leather cases containing four scriptures from the Torah; oddly enough, they did not wear it on the Sabbath.

     In my BS, I see this command as SYMBOLIC of keeping the Word of God in your mind and in your actions, however they took it literally.  What the Jews deem as being obedient, the world deems as being weird.   I include the FOUR SCRIPTURES for you to understand their devotion.

Exodus 13:1-10 – FIRST Scripture

1 The LORD said to Moses,

2 "Consecrate to me every firstborn male. The first offspring of every womb among the Israelites belongs to me, whether man or animal."

3 Moses said to the people, "Commemorate this day, the day you came out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery, because the LORD brought you out with a mighty hand. Eat nothing containing yeast.

4 Today, in the month of Abib, you are leaving.

5 When the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Hivites and Jebusites--the land he swore to your forefathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey--you are to observe this ceremony in this month:

6 For seven days eat bread made without yeast and on the seventh day hold a festival to the LORD.

7 Eat unleavened bread during those seven days; nothing with yeast in it is to be seen among you, nor shall any yeast be seen anywhere within your borders.

8 On that day tell your son, `I do this because of what the LORD did for me when I came out of Egypt.'

9 This observance will be for you “like” a sign on your hand and a reminder on your forehead that the law of the LORD is to be on your lips. For the LORD brought you out of Egypt with his mighty hand.

10 You must keep this ordinance at the appointed time year after year.

NIV

Exodus 13:11-16 – SECOND Scripture

11 "After the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites and gives it to you, as he promised on oath to you and your forefathers,

12 you are to give over to the LORD the first offspring of every womb. All the firstborn males of your livestock belong to the LORD.

13 Redeem with a lamb every firstborn donkey, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. Redeem every firstborn among your sons.

14 "In days to come, when your son asks you, `What does this mean?' say to him, `With a mighty hand the LORD brought us out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.

15 When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn in Egypt, both man and animal. This is why I sacrifice to the LORD the first male offspring of every womb and redeem each of my firstborn sons.'

16 And it will be “like” a sign on your hand and a symbol on your forehead that the LORD brought us out of Egypt with his mighty hand."

NIV

Deuteronomy 6:4-9 – THIRD Scripture

4 Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.  

5 Love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength.

6 These commandments that I give you today are to be upon your hearts.

7 Impress them on your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up.

8 Tie them as symbols on your hands and bind them on your foreheads.

9 Write them on the doorframes of your houses and on your gates.

NIV

Deuteronomy 11:3-21 – FOURTH Scripture

3 the signs he performed and the things he did in the heart of Egypt, both to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his whole country;

4 what he did to the Egyptian army, to its horses and chariots, how he overwhelmed them with the waters of the Red Sea as they were pursuing you, and how the LORD brought lasting ruin on them.

5 It was not your children who saw what he did for you in the desert until you arrived at this place,

6 and what he did to Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab the Reubenite, when the earth opened its mouth right in the middle of all Israel and swallowed them up with their households, their tents and every living thing that belonged to them.

7 But it was your own eyes that saw all these great things the LORD has done.

8 Observe therefore all the commands I am giving you today, so that you may have the strength to go in and take over the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess,

9 and so that you may live long in the land that the LORD swore to your forefathers to give to them and their descendants, a land flowing with milk and honey.

10 The land you are entering to take over is not like the land of Egypt, from which you have come, where you planted your seed and irrigated it by foot as in a vegetable garden.

11 But the land you are crossing the Jordan to take possession of is a land of mountains and valleys that drinks rain from heaven.

12 It is a land the LORD your God cares for; the eyes of the LORD your God are continually on it from the beginning of the year to its end.

13 So if you faithfully obey the commands I am giving you today--to love the LORD your God and to serve him with all your heart and with all your soul—

14 then I will send rain on your land in its season, both autumn and spring rains, so that you may gather in your grain, new wine and oil.

15 I will provide grass in the fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied.

16 Be careful, or you will be enticed to turn away and worship other gods and bow down to them.

17 Then the LORD's anger will burn against you, and he will shut the heavens so that it will not rain and the ground will yield no produce, and you will soon perish from the good land the LORD is giving you.

18 Fix these words of mine in your hearts and minds; tie them as symbols on your hands and bind them on your foreheads.

19 Teach them to your children, talking about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up.

20 Write them on the doorframes of your houses and on your gates, 21 so that your days and the days of your children may be many in the land that the LORD swore to give your forefathers, as many as the days that the heavens are above the earth.

NIV

 

Here’s where we are

     NOTE: The people of Israel were called Israelites; ten of the tribes were scattered and lost.  The people of the largest remaining tribe Judah were called Jews.  Today all of the Nation of Israel is referred to as Jews. (The remnants of ALL the tribes of Israel are not lost to God.)

 

     Israel; the Jews are commanded to observe the Sabbath; Saturday; PLUS other Sabbaths.  The Sabbath is a gift to enjoy and is a time of REST for man, animals and the land.  It is also a Holy Day set aside to REMEMBER God; Hearing His Word, Worship and Praise.

 

 

 

 

Seventh Day Adventist

     The Seventh Day Adventist say; that The Lord’s Day or the Sabbath is on SATURDAY.  This is THE doctrine their Church hangs their hat on.  If you celebrate the Lord’s Day on Sunday, you are doomed to spend eternity in Hell.  This doctrine “YOKES” the believer in the bondage of LEGALISM Before Adventist there was also Seventh Day Baptist.

     A Sabbaths days’ journey was a distance of only 2000 cubits; with 20 inches being a cubic they could only walk about 3,333 feet or .63 miles.  If you are under ONE of the Old Covenant laws, then you are under ALL of them; the Christian is under the New Covenant.

     The “Sabbath” originated with the Ten Commandments and Moses on Mount Sinai.  It was a covenant between God and Israel; the Jew’s “Sabbath” was SATURDAY and still is.

     We are not made holy by keeping man made rules that somehow make us righteous.  Since a 24 hour day was not made until the 4th day of creation, I’m not sure how anyone can accurately tell which day is which.  Just saying

     Those observing Sunday should not judge or impose their opinions on those that observe Saturday.[20]  Their behavior is guided by their reverence and fear of God and are at Christian liberty[21] to do so as long as the observation is not deemed necessary for salvation”.

     All sins can be forgiven except the sin of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit; known as the unpardonable sin.[22] This would include worshiping God on a different day and having to work on the “Sabbath” or walking more than .63 miles; we are no longer condemned by the Law.[23]

 

After the Resurrection

     After the Resurrection of Christ, the early Christians began to observe the day that Jesus was resurrected from the grave as the new covenant; the new way.  They observed the Sabbath or “Lords Day” on “Resurrection Sunday” which was the first day of the week; a new beginning.[24]

     The Jews continued to observe Saturday as the Sabbath and the Christians set apart Sunday to be observed as “The Lord’s Day” which we also commonly call our Sabbath.  The Sabbath actually refers to the Jews; “The Lord’s Day” refers to the Christians (I understand many will disagree with this.)

     The Lord’s Day is a weekly memorial to Christ’s resurrection from the dead;[25] a celebration of a new creation, God making all things new,[26] a day of triumph and glory, the tomb is empty.  Rejoice in “The Lord’s Day”. [27] He is risen; He is risen indeed.

     Christ honored the disciples by manifesting Himself multiple times on the first day of the week.[28]  The feast of harvest was seven weeks long; 49 days; the 50th day was Pentecost; Sunday, the first day. The Holy Spirit descended on the day of Pentecost, the first day of the week.[29]  Some scholars have calculated that Jesus ascended on the first day of the week.  No OT Sabbath regulation or observances were transferred to the Lord’s Day to make it a “Christian Sabbath. The “Sabbath” relates to the Old Covenant and “the Lord’s Day” relates to the New Covenant.

     NOTE:  The day of rest became “most noted” for Christians when Emperor Constantine in the fourth century A.D. designated Sunday as a Holy Day for the entire Roman Empire. 

 

The Day of the Lord

     The Lord’s Day is only mentioned once in scripture and that is in the Revelation,[30] and since Revelation is about end times, in my BS, I don’t believe John was talking about Saturday or Sunday, but the End Times The Lord’s Day”; when Jesus Christ will return for His Bride; the Church.

     The Day of the Lord is mentioned 24 times in scripture and all point to the end of times and for sure not the Sabbath.  It was the early church that began to use the phrase “The Lords Day” for Sunday.

 

Jesus Comments

     We have a new covenant in Jesus Christ[31] and He is the mediator and Lord of the Sabbath.[32]  We as Christians believe that the Ten Commandments written by the finger of God are a wonderful thing to govern our life by, especially the fourth commandment, remembering the Sabbath Day to keep it Holy.  The fact is, we would do well to live by all of them; but now we have just two commandments spoken from the mouth of our Lord Jesus Christ, the SON of the Living God:[33]

1)      Love the Lord with all your heart, soul and mind

2)     Love your neighbor as your self

All the laws and the prophets hang on these.  If we do these two things, we will fulfill the Law.

 

Paul’s Comments

     Many thought it blasphemy to worship God on Sunday instead of Saturday, believing that those that did were deceived and would go to hell.  Paul had some thoughts on this when he wrote; that we were once in bondage to hundreds of laws of legalism[34] that had been added to God’s word.  That we were now FREE;[35] out of bondage to the weak and beggarly elements of legalism; why would we go back into bondage?[36]

     Paul said; don’t let anyone judge you (impose their opinion on you) concerning the celebration of the Sabbath.[37]  Peter said to respect others positions and not use our freedom to hurt these people.[38]

 

The Take Away

     God set a pattern of rest when he created the world in six day and then rested on the seventh.  God DID NOT name the seventh day, the Sabbath.  The Hebrew Word Sabbath means; to cease from work, to desist, to REST - The Sabbath was made for man; man was not made for the Sabbath

     God gave Israel the fourth commandment to remember the Sabbath day and keep it Holy.

a)     It is a time for Israel to remember their deliverance from Egypt.

b)     It is a sign between God and Israel, that they are His chosen people.

c)     It was not a sign to the Gentiles or other nationalities; it belonged only to Israel.

d)     It is an observance of rest on Saturday for the people, their workers, beast of burden and their land.  It must be noted that Israel had many different Sabbaths

     The Lord’s Day is the observance of rest and worship by Christians on Sunday.  It is a memorial to the resurrection of Jesus Christ on Sunday, the first day of the week. Many in the Early Church worshipped on Saturday and Sunday.

     We are not to impose our opinion on those who choose to worship on a different day unless the DAY is made a “REQUIREMENT FOR SALVATION”.

     The Jew’s are under the Old Covenant; to break one of the OT laws, is to break all of them.

     The Christian is under the New Covenant and is free from condemnation.

The Jew’s Sabbath” is on Saturday and the ChristiansLord’s day is on Sunday.

     Seventh Day Adventist: Embrace Saturday as their day of Worship AND they also make it a requirement for Salvation.  IF it is deemed a sin to worship on a different day than your neighbor; it is a sin that can be forgiven.  If you belong to the Lord, nothing can separate you from His love. 

 

Today the term Sabbath and The Lord’s Day have become synonymous, although they are not

 

. The Christian joins the Jew in keeping “The day of Rest” Holy.  Pray for the peace of Israel.

 

Galatians 5:1 – Don’t be entangled again with the bondage of legalism
1  Stand fast therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not be entangled again with a yoke of bondage.

(NKJV)

 

Colossians 2:16- Don’t let anyone condemn you for celebrating Sabbaths
16  So don’t let anyone condemn you for what you eat or drink, or for not celebrating certain holy days or new moon ceremonies or Sabbaths.

(NLT)

 

Romans 8:38-39 – Worshiping different day CANNOT separate you from God
38   I am convinced that
NOTHING can ever separate us from God’s love. NEITHER death nor life, NEITHER angels nor demons, NEITHER our fears for today nor our worries about tomorrow—NOT EVEN the powers of hell can separate us from God’s love.
39  
NO POWER in the sky above or in the earth below—indeed, NOTHING in all creation will ever be able to separate us from the love of God that is revealed in Christ Jesus our Lord.

(NLT)

 

 

 



[1] Genesis 2:2-3 – God rested on the seventh day

[2] Exodus 31:16-17 – The Jews are commanded to observe the Sabbath; it is a sign between me and the Israelites forever

[3] Exodus 20:8-11 - The fourth Commandment: "Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy

[4] Mark 2:27-28 – "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.

[5] Numbers 15:32-36 – Break the Sabbath and "The man must die”

[6] Nehemiah 10:31 – DON’T BUY ANYTHING ON THE SABBATH

 

[7] Genesis 2:2-3 – Remember God finished creation in six day and then HE RESTED from all his work.

[8] Deuteromy 5:15 – Remember you were once in bondage. God brought you out of there with a mighty hand; God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day -- Exodus 31:16-17 - The Sabbath is a CELEBRATION -- Deuteronomy 5:12 – Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it HOLY

[9] Leviticus 23:23-24 – Sabbath the 1st day of the seventh month

[10] Leviticus 16:29-31 – Sabbath of Rest - 10th day Day of Atonement

[11] Leviticus 23:39 – Sabbath the 15th day of the seventh month

[12] Ezekiel 20:12 – THE SABBATH IS A SIGN BETWEEN GOD AND ISRAEL so they would know that the LORD made them holy. -- Exodus 31:13 – The Sabbath is a SIGN between me and you for generations to come

[13] John 14:6 – Jesus said, “I am The Way”; no one comes to the Father except through me. -- Acts 19:23 – Many disturbed about “The Way”. -- Acts 24:14 – “The Way” was called a sect  -- Acts 24:22 – “The Way” was well known -- Acts 9:1-2 – Saul/Paul, before being called of the Lord wanted to kill those who followed “The Way” -- Acts 19:9 – Some publicly maligned “The Way” and became obstinate; because they refused to believe

[14] Acts 11:26 –THE DISCIPLES WERE CALLED CHRISTIANS.

 

[15] John 4:24 – Worship God in Spirit and in Truth

[16] Philemon 1:2 – Church meets in the home of Apphia our sister and Archippus our fellow soldier -- Romans 16:3-5 - Church meets in the home of Priscilla and Aquila  -- Colossians 4:15 – Church meets in the home of Nympha

[17] Galatians 4:10-11 – Don’t add Tradition; the Jewish Sabbath rituals to your salvation

[18] Acts 13:44 – Gather on the Sabbath to hear the word of God  -- Acts 13:27 – The Word is read out loud EVERY Sabbath -- Acts 13:14-15 – Read the Word on the Sabbath

[19] Deuteronomy 6:6-7 – HOME SCHOOLING; talk about scripture when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up

[20] Colossians 2:16 – DON’T PUSH YOUR OPINION ON OTHERS.

[21] Romans 14:5-6 – It’s OK to observe the day you consider sacred

[22] Mark 3:28-29 – All sin will be forgiven except blaspheme against the Spirit

[23] Romans 8:1-2 – We are no longer condemned by the Law.

[24] Acts 20:7 – They came together on Sunday the first day -- Corenthians 16:2 – Paul instructs the tithes to be gathered on the first day.

[25] Matthew 28:1 – Jesus rose on the first day of the week

[26] Revelation 21:5 – God says "Behold, I make all things NEW."

[27] Psalm 118:24 – This is the day the LORD has made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.

[28] Mark 16:9 – Jesus appeared on the first day of the week -- Matthew 28:1-9 – Jesus appeared to the Disciples on the first day of the week -- Luke 24:13-31 – Jesus appeared to two on the first day of the week -- Luke 24:34 – Jesus appeared to Simon on the first day of the week -- Luke 24:36 – Jesus appeared to the Eleven on the first day  -- John 20:26 – And after eight days (Sunday) Jesus appeared to the Eleven; the first day of the week

[29] Acts 2:1-4 – The Holy Spirit descended on The Day of Pentecost; the first day of the week.

 

[30] Revelation 1:10 – On The Lord’s Day I was in the Spirit

[31] 2 Corenthians 3:6 – Christ gave us a NEW covenant; the LETTER of the law kills, but the SPIRIT gives life -- Hebrews 7:22 – Jesus has become the guarantee of a BETTER COVENANT

[32] Mark 2:28 – Jesus is Lord of the Sabbath. -- Hebrews 9:15 – Christ is the Mediator of the NEW covenant

[33] Matthew 22:37-40 – Just Two Commandments; Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind: and `Love your neighbor as yourself.' 

[34] Galatians 4:9-12 – Legalism puts you in bondage

[35] John 8:36 – Jesus has set us free; so if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed -- John 8:32 – We are free in Christ to worship --Romans 8:1-2 – We are not condemned; we have been set free

[36] Galatians 5:1 – Don’t go back to the bondage of legalism

[37] Colossians 2:16 – Don’t let anyone judge you concerning the Sabbath

[38] 1 Peter 2:16-17 – Live as servants of God

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