WHY PARABLES - IITB 06.21

 

Chapter 6. 21

Why Parables

Why did Jesus teach in Parables and deliberately cloak the message of the Kingdom of God?

Were some predestined to understand while others by their own Free Will searched it out?

Allegory - Analogy – Apologue – Fable – Figure of Speech – Metaphor – Narrative – Simile

 

 

First Word

     Parables have been around since antiquity, long before Jesus made this age old method of presenting truth popular with the Hebrew people.  Parables and fables borrow from common and obvious ordinary things that normally come up in everyday conversations.  Both parables and fables were very popular and showed a particular genius which allowed the facility of “imagination” to be quicker to understand than the facility of “logic”.

     While Jesus did not invent Parables, He certainly brought originality and a deeper spiritual importance and insights that had never been known before; He used the visible world to illustrate the spiritual realm.

     When Jesus began to teach in Parables, it fulfilled prophecy[1] which said; I will open my mouth in a PARABLE; I will utter dark sayings that have been hidden since the foundation of the world.[2]

     These Parables produced two questions; 1) Why did He teach in parables and 2) Why were only the Twelve Disciples allowed to know the deep meanings and the others left wondering?

 

Some Definitions

     There were many methods of teaching utilized in antiquity; “Mental Gymnastics” for the Hebrews were a way of life, so when Jesus presented the “Kingdom of Heaven”, it was not a Secret Gospel, it was meant to exercise their imagination. Before we begin I want to “set the stage” and define a few expressions that Jesus used.

     An Allegory is a literary device or rhetorical device that conveys semi-hidden meanings through symbolic figures, actions, imagery, or events, which together create the moral, spiritual, or political meaning the author wishes to convey.

     A Analogy is analogical reasoning which involves two "objects": the SOURCE and the TARGET. The target is supposed to be incomplete and in need of using the source for a complete description.

     A Apologue is a brief fable or allegorical story with pointed or exaggerated details, meant to serve as a pleasant vehicle for a moral doctrine or to convey a useful lesson without stating it explicitly.

     A Fable employs animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters, whereas parables have human characters.

     A figure of speech is figurative language in the form of a single word or phrase. It can be a special repetition, arrangement or omission of words with literal meaning, or a phrase with a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words.  Figures of Speech are divided into two main categories: SCHEMES and TROPES

1)      Schemes are figures of speech that change the ordinary expected pattern of words.

2)     Tropes change the general meaning to irony, or convey the opposite of their usual meaning.

     A Metaphor uses concrete, perceptible phenomena to illustrate abstract ideas.  It distinctly affirms that one thing is another.

     A Narrative sketches a setting, describes an action and shows the results.

     A Simile uses a metaphorical construction in which something is said to be "like something else”.

     A Parable is a succinct, didactic story, a short tale that illustrates one or more instructive lessons or principles of a universal truth and often involves a character who faces a moral dilemma or one who makes a bad decision and then suffers the unintended consequences. Wikipedia  

     The Greek word Parable means "comparison, illustration or analogy."  It is an illustration in the form of a brief fictional narrative.  If a personal name is used, it is an actual event and not a parable such as in the story of the Rich man and the Beggar named Lazarus.

     Sometime scripture tells a story about an actual event with actual people which have a parable inside the story; such is the case of the Old Testament Prophet Balaam, when he spoke of a parable about King Balak.

     Parable in the Greek; Strong’s Concordance 3850 means similitude or symbolically FICTITIOUS narrative that conveys a moral TRUTH.

     Proverb in the Greek; Strong’s Concordance 3942 means a FICTITIOUS Illustration, which is essentially the same as a Parable; therefore the words are interchangeable.

     The Apocrypha groups Parables and Proverbs together, and if you read the book of Proverbs, you can certainly see why.  In the New Testament, the notion of Parables and Proverbs are used interchangeably.

     I have said all of this to paint a picture of an age old technique; a method of teaching which was widely accepted where the vivid illustration were easily REMEMBERED.

Luke 16:19-20 – Actual event; Rich man and Lazarus
19 There was a rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and who feasted sumptuously every day.
20 And at his gate was laid a poor man named
LAZARUS, covered with sores, (ESV)

Numbers 23:7 – Parables used in the discourse of Balaam
7 And he took up his
PARABLE, and said, Balak the king of Moab hath brought me from Aram, out of the mountains of the east, saying, Come, curse me Jacob, and come, defy Israel.

(KJV)

Numbers 23:18 – Parables used in the Old Testament
18 And he took up his
PARABLE, and said, Rise up, Balak, and hear; hearken unto me, thou son of Zippor:

(KJV)

Apocrypha - Ecclesiasticus 47:17- Mysteries explained by Parables

17And you explained MYSTERIES by means of PARABLES. Your name became known to far off islands, and you were beloved for your peace.

Apocrypha - Ecclesiasticus 39:3 – Hidden meanings in Proverbs

3 He will search for the HIDDEN MEANINGS of PROVERBS, and he will become familiar with the mysteries of PARABLES.

 

The Question

     The Disciples came to Jesus and point blank asked; “WHY DO YOU TEACH IN PARABLES;” and this is exactly what we want to know today. The Disciples were not asking for themselves, for they knew how to get their questions answered, but they were asking for the multitude, wanting them to be illuminated with the deeper spiritual mysteries as they were.

     Before Jesus taught exclusively in parables, He used a lot of graphic language; word pictures of common things that were familiar to everyone such as light, fish, sheep, and bread and salt. 

     Parables were plain and easy to those that were willing to be taught, but more difficult and obscure to those who were “willing ignorant[3] and were just amused at the stories.  Parables required the listener to lean forward seeking further understanding, which plants the story deeper within their spirit.[4] They serve a double purpose; to Reveal and Conceal.

     THEY REVEAL to the average person who is insensitive to spiritual things; the superficial understanding to comprehend important “life lessons” while apart from God.

     THEY CONCEAL spiritual things incomprehensible in their own nature to be understood.  The deeper things are received just as a “tale” or temporary entertainment.  Only those whose minds and hearts have been opened by the Holy Spirit are able to comprehend God’s profound spiritual truths; the knowledge needed for Salvation.

     The Question within the Question:  Why did Christ Reveal life truths, yet conceal the knowledge of Salvation”.  Fact; revelation is given to some and withheld from others.

     I’ve just got to say this …. These special appointed, set aside, predestined Twelve Disciples DIDN’T GET IT; they didn’t get the parables.[5]  Over and over again they had to ask Jesus for the concepts to be explained to them[6] and then He would often explain to them using another parable. What’s up with that?

     Jesus said that a time was coming when He would PLAINLY show them the Father,[7] however it would only be after the resurrection of Jesus Christ and the coming and indwelling of the Holy Spirit that the Predestined Chosen Twelve would finally get the deep meanings within their own spirits and then would be able to teach it.[8]

Matthew 13:10 - Why do you speak to them in parables?
10 Then the disciples came and said to him,

“WHY DO YOU SPEAK TO THEM IN PARABLES?”

 

The Audience

     The Hebrew audience was looking for a Messiah as the prophets had foretold and looked for the restoration of the house of David with the expectation that it would happen in their lifetime.  The message of the Kingdom was not an abstract idea, it was an expected reality.  As God’s special set-aside nation, they felt they had the inside track, but Jesus was revealing a deeper understanding of the Kingdom of God that had never been taught.  The Parables revealed the Hebrew’s own thinking; whether or not God was calling them.

     Setting the stage; when Jesus ministry begin to present the concept of the “Kingdom of God was at hand”; the Hebrew’s physical needs were crying out LOUDER than their spiritual needs.  Their Physical condition needed to be addressed before He could address their Spiritual condition.

     Note; for me I see many worthwhile ministries like foodbanks and children’s hospitals, but I only support the ministries that address BOTH of the conditions that Jesus did; the Physical AND the Spiritual; not just the physical; the ultimate end must lead to salvation.  God says; what do you gain if you get everything you want, but lose your very own soul.[9]

     Because of the Compassion of Christ, we find that everywhere He turned, He was either healing people or feeding them.  Saying it another way; He was doing MIRACLES left and right and because of these miracles, He had a continuously changing audience seeking after Him for different reasons; therefore He had collected quite a diversity of people following Him.

     Jesus said at least fifteen times; He who has ears, let him HEAR.[10]  Jesus had a mix of followers with different heart conditions;  

a)     Some whose hearts were PREDESTINED to understand the knowledge of salvation and reflected it in changed lives; specifically the inner circle of The Twelve Disciples.

b)     Some whose hearts by FREE WILL were tuned to God and were genuinely seeking “the kingdom of heaven” and were committed to becoming more like Jesus.

c)     Some whose hearts and ears by FREE WILL were blocked to His teachings like the religious leaders and lawyers who wanted Jesus to be arrested and thrown in jail in order to get rid of Him. - (NOTE: The first four letters of the word Heart is HEAR.)

d)     Some whose hearts by FREE WILL didn’t care one way or the other and just wanted another free meal, or to be entertained with another miracle. 

      I place all of these into TWOWhosoever groups: [11]

1)      Whosoever hath faith: Believers, those that placed immense importance on His teachings and were seeking the weightier deeper things; they would be given more understanding. Spiritual principals become stronger with exercise.

2)     Whosoever hath NOT faith: Make Believers, who placed no value on the teachings; whose faith was unused, and would lose what understanding that they had.  Principals that are not exercised grow weak through dis-use and eventually expire.

     The Parables quietly addresses the self-righteous, disinterested, and un-repentant listener and divides them from the true seekers; it requires them to think and CHOOSE. [12]  It either opened their eyes and ears or it shut them; enlightened or condemned.  It separated the sheep from the goats; the parables produced A DECISION.[13]

     Jesus avoided teaching the truths too plainly in order to keep “excessive condemnation” of those who did NOT accept the teachings by those who did accept.  The parables were to intrigue and arouse curiosity and bring about change in their lives.  Deeper truths were withheld so as to NOT be trampled under the feet of the unbelievers.

     Because Jesus’ teaching were threating the status quo of the religious establishment of the Pharisees, Sadducees and the Scribe lawyers; it would be counterproductive to speak plainly, thus His homespun stories were hardly something that He could be arrested for. [14]

     The Pharisees pretty much figured out that they were the objects of the parables; that their manmade teaching were like yeast permeating a whole loaf of bread; they were like whitewashed tombs; beautiful on the outside, but full of dead unclean things on the inside.[15]  They wanted to arrest Him, but were afraid of all His followers, and Jesus made sure this would not happen “BEFORE HIS TIME” and thus began to teach exclusively into cloaked parables.

Jesus said he had so much to tell them, but they were just unable to bear it.[16]

 

The Controversial Answer

     Based on reading the Book, it appears at first blush that Jesus had a Secret Gospel that was just for the inner circle of the Twelve Disciples.  There were hundreds that became followers or disciples whose life had NOT changed, so He chose to NOT heal their spiritual condition until they understood; change was required.

     Jesus said it Himself; to THOSE OUTSIDE the inner circle, everything was in parables, so that “they may indeed see, but not perceive, and may indeed hear, but not understand, lest they should turn and mentally be healed, but not spiritually healed.  He is actually quoting prophecy of what was going on before their very eyes. [17]  He is making a distention here between the inner circle of Predestined Believers who He continued to open their eyes and ears to reveal His teachings and the outer circle of Make Believers who still needed to be healed spiritually.

      I feel a need to address the Inside followers or Disciples of Jesus Christ and the followers or disciples on the outside. They were both called “Christians”, but only those on the inside had made a change in their lives.  As a side note even the Demons acknowledge Jesus Christ, but have made no change in their life.[18]

     We certainly have the same thing within our church body today; there are those that are BELIEVERS whose lives have changed and are full of good works and some who have made no change in their lives; that are MAKE-BELIEVERS; it’s just life as usual.  The Methodist denomination teaches “METHODS” of change both in worship and activities that witness the Believer’s daily life.  IT’S ABOUT CHANGE.

     Jesus did not want to heal them spiritually without a change in their lives.  This change happens when we are saved and are filled with The Holy Spirit.  The Holy Spirit would not fall on the FREE WILLIES until after the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

     This sounds like only some were PREDESTINED to be saved.   Well, I believe that the inner circle of twelve were predestined because Jesus said so.  Free Will & Predestination are both taught in the book.  It’s not about choosing one or the other; it’s knowing that both operate within God’s Sovereignty.  Even though today I am a PREDESTINED Presbyterian, I was first a FREE WILLIE Baptist who made a choice.   Jesus wanted to delay many truths till the PREDESTINED Twelve finally got the parables, then those with FREE WILL could be taught the concepts and make a choice that included change in their lives.  The Book says; many have FREE WILL, but few are PREDESTINED.

 

Matthew 22:14 – Many have free will to come; few are predestined
14
FOR MANY ARE CALLED (to come by Free Will),

BUT FEW ARE CHOSEN.” (Predestined)

(ESV)

John 15:16 - Twelve Disciples PREDESTINED by God
16 YOU DID NOT CHOOSE ME, BUT I CHOSE YOU and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide, so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you.

(ESV) 

Discerning of Spirits

     Jesus did not want ANY disciple to be led into a momentary experience of forgiveness with NO CHANGE in lifestyle, but into a lifetime of CHANGE and SEARCHING.  Those who truly desired the Truth would continue to FREELY seek Jesus out and gain the knowledge of the depth of the Parables.

     This is where the rubber meets the road; Jesus said the GIFT OF DISCERNMENT, to understand the secrets of the kingdom of heaven is not given to everyone, but to those who hunger for His word.[19] These twelve men had been the first chosen and Predestined to receive this gift.[20]  Those that possess the gift of the discerning of spirits have been dispatched by God to be “Holy Spirit Inspectors; with a special insight to be able to recognize, identify, and expose deceptive and erroneous doctrine.[21] 

     They are the “Spirit’s Watchdog”, the “Watchmen on the Wall” who diligently study the word and ‘PRACTICE” their gift to protect against perverted cults, false doctrine, deceptive language and wolves masquerading as lambs promoting their own self-interest. They raise flags to identify the cleaver counterfeits, to determine the spurious from what is genuine; they encourage others to test and judge carefully what they read, hear and experience.  THE HOLY SPIRIT GIVES THIS GIFT TODAY.

     Today the Gospel Message is often preached in the mega-churches with a mix of philosophy, psychology and self-sufficiency and have become quite popular and often very PROFITABLE.  The Gift of discernment separates the “WHEAT OF TRUTH” that is being sown along with the “CHAFF OF DECEIT”.

 

The Take Away

     The Pharisees were always learning, but never arriving at the truth; their hearts had become dull and their eyes had closed and their ears could barely hear.[22]  It was time for the Holy Spirit to fall on all that were seeking “THE KINGDOM OF GOD”.[23]

     PARABLES REVEAL the superficial understanding that the average person can comprehend important life lessons apart from God.

     PARABLES CONCEAL thoughts that only those whose minds and hearts have been opened by the Holy Spirit can comprehend; God’s profound spiritual truths; the knowledge needed for Salvation.

     If Jesus had plainly taught and they had understood Him, they would NOT have crucified Him on the cross as the FINAL sacrificial lamb for our sins and we would still need a Savior.

 

Many have FREE WILL to choose, but few are PREDESTINED to be chosen.

 

1 Corinthians 2:7-8 – If they had known – No Crucifixion
7 But we impart a secret and hidden wisdom of God, which God decreed before the ages for our glory.
8 None of the rulers of this age understood this, for if they had,
THEY WOULD NOT HAVE CRUCIFIED THE LORD OF GLORY.

(ESV)

Matthew 22:14 – Many come FREE WILL Few are PREDESTINED
14 For many are called
(by Free Will), but few are chosen (Predestined).

(ESV)



No Man ever spoke the way this man does[24]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In the multitude of counselors,

there is wisdom.

Proverbs 11:14

 

 

I am grateful to those that went before me providing concepts, ideas, historical

information, and scripture verses.  Because of them I can stand on their shoulders

                                     and see further that I otherwise ever could have.                       

                                                                                                                                                           

 

*Curse of Baphomet; The – Jack T. Chick- www.chick.com      

*Encyclopedia of Free Masonry- Albert G. Mackey

*Freemasonry: Morals and Dogma – Albert Pike

*Freemasonry: The Invisible cult – Jack Harris

*Masonic Christian Conflict explained – Keith Harris

*Should a Christian be a Mason – E. M. Storms

A Commentary, Critical, Experimental and Practical – Erdman’s

A Planned Deception – Constance Cumbey

All the Parables of the Bible – Herbert Lockyer

All the Promises of the Bible – Herbert Lockyer

All the Women of the Bible – Edith Deen

Angels A-Z – Lewis Oliver

Angels: Gods Secret Agents – Billy Graham

Another Gospel – Tucker

Antiquity of the Jews – Flavius Josephus Matthias

Apocrypha; The – Edgar J. Goodspeed

Armageddon-Appointment with Destiny – Grant R. Jeffrey

Baker Commentary on the Bible – Walter A. Elwell

Bible Almanac: The – Packer Tenney White

Bible Commentary – F. B. Meyer

Bible Dictionary - Harper

Book of Mormon; The – Latter Day Saints LDS

CARM – Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry – M .J. Slick

Case for Mid-Tribulationalism – New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary

Countdown to Armageddon, the 1980’s – Hal Lyndsay

Dake’s Annotated Reference Bible – Finis Jennings Dake

Dead Sea Scrolls Translated; The – Florentino Garcia Martinez

Dictionary of Pentecostal/Charismatic Movements – S. Burgess

Disappointed with God – Philip Yancey

Don’t know much about the Bible – Kenneth C. Davis

Exposition of the Parables – Benjamin Keach

Expositor’s Bible Commentary; The – Frank E. Gaebelein

Ezekiel – Thru the Bible – J. Vernon McGee

Final Dawn over Jerusalem – John Hagee

Fly Away Doctrine; Shepherd’s Chapel – Dr. Arnold Murray

Forgotten Books of Eden; The - World

From Daniel to Doomsday – John Hagee

Gospel of Judas; The - Wikipedia

Gospels Interwoven; The – Karmit Zarley

Great Doctrines of the Bible Vol 2 – W. A. Criswell

Harper’s Bible Dictionary – Harper and Row

Hidden Danger of the Rainbow – Constance Cumby

Holy Bible; The – New Catholic Edition

Holy Spirit; The – Billy Graham

Illustrated Bible Dictionary – Nelson’s

Illustrated Bible Dictionary - Tyndale

Illustrated Manners and Customs of the Bible – Packer-Tenny

Influence; The – A novel – Matthew John Slick

International Dictionary of the Bible; The new – Douglas-Tenney

Invisible War, The – Donald Grey Barnhouse

Islam 6th Edition – Caesar E. Farah

Islam and the Bible – David Goldmann

Islam; Christian Apologetics – Dr. Norman Geisler

Jerusalem Countdown – John Hagee

Josephus; the Jewish Historian A.D. 37-98

Last Days; The - Moris Farhi

Late Great Planet Earth; The – Hal Lindsey

Layman’s Overview of the Bible; The – George W. Knight

LGBT - Wikipedia

Lost Books of the Bible; The - Bell

Lost Books of the Bible; The - World

Loud Cry; The – David Curtis

Master Study Bible – KJV

Matthew Henry’s Commentary - Zondervan

Mere Christianity – C.S. Lewis

Meredith’s Book of List; 1&2 –Bethany House Publishers

Missing Books of the Bible; The – Halo Press

Mormon Mirage, the – Latayne Colvett Scott

Mysteries of the Bible – Readers Digest

Mystery Mark of the New Age – Texe Mars

Nag Hammadi Library; The – James M. Robinson

New International Dictionary of the Bible; The – Douglas; Tenney

New International Version BibleNIV

New Millennium; The – Pat Robertson

New World College Dictionary – Webster

Nostradamus & the Millennium – John Hogue

Other side of the Good News; The – Larry Dixon

Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible; The – Zondervan

Present Day Evangelism – Arthur W. Pink

QJV Bible – Questions.org

Queen James Bible - Wikipedia

Rapture; Pre Tribulation or Post – Daniel’s Timeline

Return; Post Trib - Manna Fest – Perry Stone

Revelation of Jesus Christ; The – Walvoord

Revelation Seminar; The – 1975 - Hilton Sutton

Revelation Study; The - 1973 – Dr. Warren Wiersbe

Revelation; The – verse by verse – Oliver B. Green

Secrets of the Dead Sea Scrolls – Hugh J. Schonfield

Shepherd’s Chapel – Arnold Murray

Systematic Theology – Stanley M. Horton

Systematic Theology – Wayne Grudem

Ten Commandments – John Hagee

Theomatics – Jerry Lucas

Thru the Bible Commentary – J. Vernon McGee

Today’s Dictionary of the Bible – T.A. Bryant

Unseen Realm; The – Michael S. Heiser

Victor Journey through the Bible; The – V. Gilbert Beers

Vincent’s Word Studies of the NT - Mac Donald

What the Bible is all about – Henrietta C. Mears

What the Bible says about Death - Signs of the times

Where to find it in the Bible – Ken Anderson

Who’s Who in the Bible – Paul D. Gardner

Wikipedia Encyclopedia

Windows of the soul – Paul Meier – Robert Wise

Wycliffe Bible commentary; The – Charles F. Pfeiffer

Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible; The – Tenney



[1] Matthew 13:14-15 - The prophecy of Isaiah is being fulfilled -- Psalm 78:1-2 – Prophecy; I will open my mouth in parables

[2] Matthew 13:34-35 – Jesus’ parables contained words hidden since foundation of the world Isaiah 6:9-10 - PROPHECY they shall SEE not perceive HEAR not understand 

[3] Mark 8:21 - Why is it that you do not understand -- Matthew 13:13-15 – Those on the outside have dull hearts; there spiritual eyes are closed

[4] Matthew 13:12 – FREE WILLIES that hunger will be given more

[5] Luke 9:45 The saying were at first concealed from the Twelve  -- Mark 9:32 – The disciples did not understand;  were afraid to ask

[6] Mark 4:10 - The twelve asked Him about the parable

[7] John 16:25 – A time is coming when I will tell you PLAINLY

[8] John 12:16 – The disciples finally understood the parables -- 1 Corinthians 12:8-10 – Spiritual  GIFT; To Distinguish between Spirits -- Matthew 13:11 – You have the GIFT of Spiritual Discernment -- Matthew 13:16-17 – You’ve been given the Gift of Discernment

[9] Matthew 16:26 - What do you benefit if you gain the whole world but lose your own soul?

[10] Matthew 13:9 - He who has spiritual ears, let him HEAR

[11] Matthew 13:12 – Two groups – The Haths and the Hath nots

[12] Matthew 25:31-32 – Choose; are you a Sheep or a Goat?

[13] Proverbs 2:1-5 – Tune your heart & find the knowledge of God

[14] Luke 11:53-54 – Pharisees begin tricking Jesus so as to arrest Him

[15] Luke 20:19 - The Scribes and Chief Priest figured it out, the Parable was about them -- Matthew 23:27 – Parable; Scribes and Pharisees were as Whitewashed tombs  -- Matthew 16:11-12 – Parable – Beware of the Leaven of the Pharisees

[16] John 16:12 – You are unable to bear all I have to tell you

[17] Matthew 13:14-15 – Isaiah’s PROPHECY; the need was to be Healed Spiritually -- Mark 4:10-12 – Parables are so they will hear, but NOT understand

[18] James 2:19 - Demons believe in God, but no change in their life -- Matthew 8:29 – Even Demons know who Jesus is, but do not accept

[19] 1 Corinthians 2:13-14 – The Natural person is not able to understand Spiritual things

[20] Matthew 13:16-17 – The Disciples were predestined to perceive

[21] 1 Corinthians 2:9-10 – The Gospel is revealed only through the Holy Spirit

 

[22] 2 Timothy 3:6-7 – The natural man is always learning, but never arrive at truth -- 1 Corinthians 2:11 – The Holy Spirit comprehends and imparts the things of God -- 1 Corinthians 2:14 – Things of God are Spiritually discerned

[23] John 16:13 – The Holy Spirit guides the Believer into all Truth

[24] John 7:46 - The officers answered, "No man ever spoke like this Man!"

 

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